Going into detail on what this term means and how it relates to health guidelines. This article may be incomplete.
The pericardium is a double-layered sac that surrounds the heart and helps protect it from infections and provide lubrication for smooth heartbeats. The inner layer, known as the visceral pericardium or epicardium, is in close contact with the heart muscle, while the outer layer, known as the parietal pericardium, is attached to the diaphragm and the sternum. The space between these two layers, called the pericardial cavity, contains a small amount of fluid that reduces friction as the heart beats and moves. This allows the heart to contract and relax efficiently without causing damage to the surrounding structures.
In addition to protecting and lubricating the heart, the pericardium also plays a role in maintaining the shape and position of the heart within the chest cavity. It helps prevent the heart from overfilling with blood and maintains its position during changes in body position or movement. Any inflammation or abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pericardial sac can lead to a condition known as pericarditis, which may cause chest pain, difficulty breathing, and other symptoms. Treatment for pericardial conditions may involve medications to reduce inflammation, drainage of excess fluid, or surgical interventions in severe cases.